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OCULUS Keratograph 4

Topograph

Gold standard corneal topography – that’s what the Keratograph 4 is all about.
It ensures reliability when it comes to taking measurements, providing consultation and fitting contact lenses. The Keratograph accurate findings are something you can count on. The integrated keratometer and automatic measurement activation guarantee perfect reproducibility.

In this way the Keratograph 4 also meets highest clinical standards for such procedures as tear film assessment and qualitative cornea analysis. It stands out by virtue of its versatility.

OCULUS Keratograph 4

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Dry Eye Examination

Can the NIKBUT measurement be performed even in severe dry eye?

The NIKBUT measurement for dry eye with severe corneal epithelial damage is difficult. Even when the NIKBUT measurement is performed in such cases, the device mostly reports the results as “too short”.

Is the NIKBUT value the same as fluorescein tear film break-up time (TFBUT)?

The differences between fluorescein TFBUT and NIKBUT values should be noted, although positive correlation between TMH and Schirmer test values has been reported.

Why are white areas sometimes displayed in the colour-coded map of the NIKBUT display?

White areas are displayed if the patient blinks before 15 seconds after the measurement started. This does not affect the measurement in any way.

Does abnormal corneal shape i.e. keratoconus affect the NIKBUT measurement?

No, the software detects a basic image. In the case of keratoconus for example the strained Placido rings induced by the condition is noted initially by software and distortions from the original image is recorded and indicated as a break in the tear film. However, in cases with advanced keratoconus or severe irregular corneal astigmatism, it is hard to perform the measurement.

Does the nose shadow affect the NIKBUT measurement?

No, the area being analyzed during the NIKBUT measurement usually doesn’t coincide with the area affected by the nose shadow.

What is important when measuring tear meniscus height (TMH)?

At least three measurement points (nasal and temporal limbus, pupil center) should be selected. To get the right value the ruler has to be placed on the lid margin and measure perpendicular up to the last reflex of the meniscus. Please see image as reference. The correct measurment is 0.22 mm for this example.

Are the meibomian glands graded objectively by the software?

No, however grading scales called the JENVIS Grading Scales for meibomian glands have been included in the software. A sliding bar tool allows for direct comparison of patient results to the grading scale, making meibo grading very easy with the Keratograph 5M.

In some cases, R-Scan evaluating bulbar redness cannot detect the conjunctival area correctly.

In eyes with small lid aperture or eyes with ptosis, (commonly seen in the older Asian population), the device cannot detect the conjunctival area correctly.

What are the particles being observed during the tear film dynamic examination?

The particles are a combination of eroding corneal epithelial cells, tarsal conjunctival cells and small air-particles.

Can data from the Keratograph be exported for research?

Yes, data from the NIKBUTand all keratometric data can be exported to csv files.

Topography/Contact lens fitting

The Keratograph has 22 Placido rings to perform a measurement. Does this generate sufficient information about the cornea?

Yes, with the 22 Placido disc 22.000 real measured data points are generated after each measurement. None of these are extrapolated measurements.

Does the Keratograph measure simKs?

Yes, a real keratometer is included in the hardware measuring simKs of the anterior surface.

Does the Keratograph measure the posterior cornea?

No, the Keratograph is a Placido topographer. Placido discs are projected on the tear film, the software analyzes the resulting images and measurement data of the anterior cornea is generated. No, a Pacido topographer can measure the posterior cornea on its own.

How does the Keratograph aid in keratoconus diagnosis?

Topographic indices for keratoconus screening are incorporated in the software, as well as Fourier Analysis. Objective inspection of the sagittal map is another tool to aid with diagnosis.

The OxiMap® displays oxygen transmissibility of a soft contact lens. Can any lens on the patient’s eye be measured?

No, lenses cannot be individually measured. Well-known soft lenses were analyzed and the information is programmed into the software. The role of the OxiMap® is to educate patient’s on the importance of using lenses with high oxygen transmissibility, showing them the benefits in an easy to understand image. Furthermore the OxiMap® gives information about the oxygen transmissibility over the entire surface of the lens, as well as differences between prescriptions.

Data of various lenses are included in the Contact Lens Fitting display. Can data for other lenses be imported too?

Yes, data from any lens can be manually input if the parameters are known.

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